PATHA
Botanical Name— Cissampelos parieta Linn. (North India)
Cyclea peltata (south India )
Family- MENISPERMACEAE
Cyclea peltata
Cissampelos pariera
Names in different language
Hindi- Padhi, Padha;
Telugu- Chiruboddi;
Kannada. Padavali; Tamil-Appatta; Malayalam. Kattuvalli; Gujarati- Venivel;
Bengali-Akanadi; Marathj- Padavela
Synonyms— Ambasthă, Păpacelika, Präcină, Varatiktă, Aviddha karni, Piluphală, Kucelikă, Ekăsthilă.
Classification
according to Caraka, Susruta & Vagbhata
Caraka -Sandhăniya,
Jvarahara, Stanyaödhana
Susruta - Mustădi,
Aragvadhadi, Pippalyadi, Ambasthadi, Brhatyadi, Patolädi
Vägbhata - Mustadi, Aragvadhadi, Ambasthdi, Patolädi, Vatsakădi,
Introduction—
It is one of the best brain tonic used in Ayurveda along with other drugs. In the Vedic literature Păthă is described as ‘Pătă’
Cissampelos pariera
Varieties & adulterants - (CV – controversy, AD – adulterants)
1. Cyclea peltata - [AD]
2. C. burmani - [AD]
3. Stemphania hernandifolia - [AD]
4. Rivea hypocrateriformins - [AD]
5. R. ornata. - [AD]
6. Raja patha - Cyclea peltata
7. laghu patha - Cissampelos pariera
Morphology
C. pareira-
It is a climbing shrub; branches pubescent.
Leaves- peltate, 3.8-10 cm diametre.
Flowers- minute, yellowish. Male flowers in axillary cymes, peduncle 18mm long. Sepals 4, hairy, obovate- oblong. Petals combined into a cyathiform corolla, half the length of the sepals. Filaments longer than Corolla. Female flowers in elongate, solitary or twin, axillary racemes; pedicles very short; bracts foliaceous or nearly sessile, orbicular or reniform. Sepal 1, ovate-oblong. Petal 1, sub rotund.
Fruit drupe, subglobose, hairy, red, endocarp transversely ridged. Distribution- Found throughout tropical & subtropical India.
C. peltata- It is a climber, Leaves- peltate, hairy,
Flowers- very small. Male flowers in panicles, very long.
Fruit- drupe. reniform.
Note— The species of this plant are easily distinguished by the cup-shaped calyx
and corolla. Cissampelos has the corolla alone cup-shaped.
Distribution & Habitat
All over India
Cyclea peltata
chemical constituents
C. pariera- Hayatin (dl-becberine), hayatinin, menismine, cissamine, pareirine, cycleanine,bebeerine, hayatidin, (+) quercitol etc.
C. peltata- Fangchinoline, cycleapeltine, cycleadrine,cycleacurine, cycleanorine, cycleahomine chloride, chondocurine, magnoflorine,isotetradrine, perpamine, cycleamine, burmannaline etc.
Cyclea peltata
Properties—
Rasa-Tikta
Virya-Usna
Vipäka-Katu
Guna.-Laghu, Tiksna
Karma-Vata-Kaphahara,
Visaghna, Grăhi, Balya
Cyclea peltata
External uses Being wound healer. antidote and Kushthaghna, paste of leaves and root is used in purities, skin disorders and snake poison. Juice or powdered roots are used as a nasya.
Internal
uses
Digestive system : Being an appetizer, digestive, laxative, astringent and anthelniintic, it is useful in anorexia. indigestion,abdominal pain, diarrhoea and dysentery.
Circulatory system : It is a blood
purifier and has anti-inflammatory properly, so it is used in blood disorders,
heart disorders and inflammation.
Respiratory system
Being an expectorant, is is used in cough
and dyspnoea.
Reproductive system Since it purifies
breast milk it is used in various disorders ot breast milk secretion.
Urinary
system : diuretic, hence useful in
dysuria and haematuria.
Skin :
Kushthaghna, Useful in skin disorders.
Temperature : Being febrifuge and
refrigerant, it is used in jwara. fever related diarrhoea and burning disorders.
Satmikaran : Antidote and tonic - bitter
tonic.
Excretion : This drug is excreted through urine.
Srotogamitva
Dosha
Alleviates vata, kapha. alleviates all
three doshas.
Dhatn
: Rasa, rakta, stanyagami.
Mala
: Purisha (astringent), mutsamargagami
(excretion through urine)
Part Used—
Root
Dosage— Powder l-3g; decoction 50-lOOml.
Indications.- Atisăra, Chardi, üla, Jvara, Kustha, Kandü, Krmi, Hrdroa, Gulma, Yöni röga.
Important Yogas or Formations
Pusyanuga curna,saddharana yoga.
Therapeutic Uses—
(1) ArthaVabhedaka - Root juice of Pătha shall be used as Naya (G.N.)
(2) Lavanameha— Decoction of Păthă and Aguru is useful (S.S.Ci. 11)
(3) Arsas— Păthă is taken with butter-milk (A.H.Ci.8)
