11.36 ppm, respectively. The starch, isolated from flour, consists of 15% amylose and 85% amylopectin.
Dosage Dried seed—5—10 g powder. (API, Vol. IV.)
Trema orientalis Blume.
Synonym T amboinensis auct. non Blume.
Family Ulmaceae.
Habitat Throughout India in humid regions, up to 2,430 m.
English Charcoal tree, Indian Nettle tree.
Siddha/Tamil Ambaratthi, Chenko lam.
Folk Gio.
Action Root—astringent and styptic; prescribed for diarrhoea, haematuria. Bark—analgesic.
Used as poultice for muscular pain. Root, bark and leaves—used in epilepsy.
The bark contains 16% tannin. Stem- bark gave triterpenoid alcohols simiarenol and tremetol; a triterpene simiurenone; octacosanoic acid and 1- octacosanyl acetate.
Alcoholic extract of the roots produced a progressive depression of blood pressure (a total of 50% in 1 h) in cats.
Trewia nudiflora Linn.
Family Euphorbiaceae.
Habitat Throughout moist and hot parts of India.
English False White Teak, Gutel.
Ayurvedic Shriparni, Tumri,
Pindaara. Shriparni is a synonym of Gambhaari (Gmelina arborea).
Siddha/Tamil Attarasu, Nay Kumil.
Action Plant—antibiious, antiflatulent, bechic, anti-inflammatory.
Root—carminative, antirheumatic.
668 Trianthema decandra Linn.
Applied as poultice in gout and rheumatism. Plant extract showed antileukaemic activity
Plant contains a pyridine alkaloid, N-methyl-5-carboxamide-2-pyridone.
Leaves contain an alkaloid, nudiflorme.
Bark yields taraxerone and betasitosterol. Seeds contain an alkaloid ricinidine. The seeds also contain a maytansinoid compound, trewiasine (TWS). It exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against various human cell lines in vitro.
